We didnt ask for civil war! Mahmoud Bisharas full name is Mahmoud Bishara. My father just got out of a concentration camp. At last! That voice, thought Josef. Grade: A. Entertainment Weekly Harrowing, timely. People Magazine Nothing short of brilliant. Kirkus Reviews, starred review Memorable and tightly plotted. Publishers Weekly, starred review Luis, the older boy whod saved her from the policemans nightstick, wasnt home from work yet, and neither was his mother, Juaneta, who worked at the cooperative law office. Even though their apartment wasnt far away, Mahmoud led Waleed on a different route home every day. of them belching gray-black diesel engine smoke. Not everyone did it anymore, but to Lito it was like an art form. Desperate, Mahmoud jumps out in front of a car to get the drivers attention, choosing to become visible in order to make something happen. But the only thing that matters to him in this moment is finding. Mahmoud Bishara-Refugee Mahmoud Bishara, Age 12, Aleppo, Syria Lauryn V, Copyright 2022 April 21, 2022 In the book Refugee by, Alan Gratz their were three characters, Mahmoud, Isabell , and Josef. What do the boat smugglers keep telling Mahmouds family? Who are the characters in the book refugee? Maybe hed just been having a nightmare. She never did make much. No, thought Josef. Mahmoud and his mother fight to live in the Mediterranean, but the Greek Coast Guard finally saves the family. The right answer and they lived; the wrong answer and they all died. The original text plus a side-by-side modern translation of. But the blow never came. The entire outside wall of Mahmouds apartment was gone. Empathy and Social Responsibility. Instant downloads of all 1699 LitChart PDFs Waleed! Isabel listened as everyone listed more and more things they were looking forward to in the States. Ill be a man in six months and eleven days. The Nazis laughed again. Maana, we told them. Come stand guard for us! Renata cried. Each one came up to Isabels chest. She threw herself into her grandfathers arms. All she could think about was the ninety miles they still had to go, and the water pouring in from the gunshot hole in the side of the boat. Lito! He was thinner too. Shes a baby. Shelves full of food at the store, Seora Castillo said. Josef listened, straining his ears in the dark. Josef jumped, and his mother took a frightened step back. Dont take him! The Brownshirt scowled at the noise and gave the men carrying Aaron Landau a dismissive wave. We have to get out! Mr. and Mrs. Sarraf hurried back into their apartment, and Mahmoud carried Hana down the stairs, pulling Waleed behind them. (including. But Josef and his mother and sister werent going anywhere. Luis didnt have to say anything. But when the building the Bishara's live in is hit and destroyed by a missile attack, the family knows it is time to leave Syria with its violent civil war behind and . They're like having in-class notes for every discussion!, This is absolutely THE best teacher resource I have ever purchased. They couldnt afford their old place, not since the Nazis told Josefs father he wasnt allowed to practice law anymore because he was Jewish. If you were invisible, the bad people couldnt hurt you, that was true. It is also worth noting that despite Mahmouds young age, he has needed to take on a protective role for his brother Waleed because of the danger of the civil war going on. But I have this. She held out the trumpet. He was at the final stages of his maturity It is revealed at the conclusion of the novel that Lito was Mariano Padron, the Cuban officer who rescued Josefs father, Aaron, when he jumped into the ocean decades before. It has received positive reviews that praised its style and historical accuracy. The box didnt have any other Ninja Turtles in it, but Waleed would be excited to get it. Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Lesbos, Greece, to Athens, Greece2015 Josef: Just outside Havana Harbor1939 Isabel: Somewhere between the Bahamas and Florida1994 Mahmoud: Macedonia to Serbia2015 Josef: Off the American Coast1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary2015 Josef: Somewhere on the Atlantic Ocean1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Antwerp, Belgium1939 Isabel: Off the Coast of Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary2015 Josef: Vornay, France1940 Isabel: Miami Beach, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany2015 Isabel: Miami, Florida1994 Mahmoud: Berlin, Germany2015 Maps Authors Note Acknowledgments About the Author Sneak Peek at Projekt 1065 Sneak Peek at Grenade Also by Alan Gratz Copyright Youll just be our little secret, Isabel whispered. She was almost to Papis outstretched arms when she saw her fathers eyes go wide. Get books for your students and raise funds for your classroom. He sobbed with the effort of fighting off the mans fingers and hanging onto the dinghy. Tools to track, assess, and motivate classroom reading. Isabel noticed her father and grandfather heading down the road toward the city to stand in line for food. View bestsellers, featured, top rated, classics, hidden gems, and new releases. Then, Fatima emerges from the bedroom with, Mahmoud: Just Outside Aleppo, Syria 2015, 1 day from home, soldiers is hit and killed. They spilled into the streets, and the few policemen on the Malecn were quickly overwhelmed. On foot? They threw rocks and bottles. Time to pray, Waleed. As her grandfather arrived and helped Isabel get her father to his feet, she understood. It had fallen five stories to the ground below, along with the outside wall. Mahmoud: Hungary 2015, 16 days from home, Hours pass without food or water, and Mahmoud and Youssef dont know where Waleed and, Mahmoud and Youssef line up, they pass another cell for women and children and find, be sent back to Serbia. Josef, Ruthie, Renata, and Evelyne had to swallow their snickers as the steward reached down with his free hand and tried and failed to open the door. Refugee (Alan Gratz) Read the first paragraph of Ch.22 . Their mother would pray by herself in her bedroom. And this is Ruthie. That soundit was like someone had kicked the front door in. What choice do we have? It collapsed onto the sixth floor, and then into Mahmouds apartment, and on down like dominos. Dozens of them. Josef Landau, a Jewish boy, is 12 years old at the beginning of the book, living in Nazi Germany in 1938. That prompted someone to break out food and drinks, even though it was late. By now, May of 1939, most countries had stopped admitting Jewish refugees, or had lots of official applications you had to fill out and file and pay for before they would let you in. Whats happened? Mr. Sarraf asked Mahmoud, and then he saw the missing wall and his eyes went wide. man wouldnt be talking and laughing with him. Complete your free account to access notes and highlights. His mother and father, Fatima and Youssef Bishara decide to leave Syria because the war got too intense and hit them personally. You made it! Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Fatima continues to go from tent to tent, asking about, Mahmoud: Serbia to Hungary 2015, 15 to 16 days from home, cries over all of the events of the past two weeks, he apologizes for giving, Mahmoud: Hungary to Germany 2015, 17 days from home, food, water, and other supplies. Mahmoud? The building groaned again, and a kitchen on the top floor began to tip toward the street. Everyone on the crew had treated Josef and his family with kindness and respect, despite his fathers repeated warnings that all Germans were out to get them. Waleed didnt know it, but hed saved the day. She wont take up any room!. Everywhere around them, people fled into the streets, covered in gray dust and blood. 12 year old Syrian boy; one of the main characters. Were almost to the water! I Isabel said, frozen in the bright light of the camera. Beyond the next door was the German part of the train. Sit down! What are you doing? Mahmouds father dove back into the front seat and yanked the iPhone and the charger cord from the Mercedes just as bullets ripped into the car again. Dont take him! Refugee by Alan Gratz (18) They were men, mostly, many of them shirtless in the hundred-degree August heat, their white and brown and black backs glistening in the sun. A sign that they would eventually get to America. Amara, she said. Tens of thousands of people poured into the streets, demanding the release of political prisoners and more freedom for everyone. He hated that man. Isabel blinked. Josef later dies in the camps, along with his mother. Ivn! his father called from next door. Ill see if I can find us a bus. Mahmoud and his mother and sister and brother walked the shopping street. My family was killed in an airstrike, one of the soldiers said. Validate reading with our Dynamic Quiz System. His teacher, Herr Meier, had called him to the front of the room. This gains a large amount of media attention, and Austrians greet them at the border with food, water, and medicine. He wore sandals, shorts, a short-sleeved, button-down shirt, and a cap with a fancy letter I on itthe logo Castro out! Enough is enough! Isabel couldnt believe what she was hearing. Just ahead of them, two boys had another boy up against what was left of a wall, about to take the bag of bread he carried. He had to do something. He remembered the map of the world that hung in his classroom. More importantly, we have our lives. Use Apple Maps, another soldier said. and more. Just four years ago, Aleppo had been a beautiful, bright city, until 2011 came and a wave of revolutions swept through the Middle East. Hundreds of Germans have come forward to provide food, drink, and other goods. explaining through the translator that she is a toy designer. He kept frowning at the motor and the rudder like there was something wrong, but besides a quick patch job of stuffing a sock into the bullet hole, everything was good. Being responsible did. The guards and officials threaten the refugees, but no one listens. At least take my sister! Mahmoud begged. Mahmoud's . Step after step, kilometer after kilometer, hed begun to think they would never, ever escape Syria. No ambulances came to help the wounded. Through Azaz. The soldier opened the back door of the car and slid inside, pushing Waleed into the back of the station wagon. Aaron Landau, one of the Brownshirts said to Josefs father, you have continued to practice law despite the fact that Jews are forbidden to do so under the Civil Service Restoration Act of 1933. But, Mahmouds father has stopped joking, numb and broken from the beating he had recieved after standing up to a soldier. The man reached out for them. It demolishes an entire outside wall. Mahmoud is a Muslim boy in Aleppo, Syria in 2015, and his family has no other choice but to leave Syria when their entire apartment building is destroyed by a missile. It hasnt been for months. The first time, he and three other men had built a raft and tried to paddle their way to Florida, but a tropical storm turned them back. But what if his father had been hit by one of the bombs? Her brown face was splotchy with freckles, and her thick black hair was cut short for summer and pulled back behind her ears. There are more refugees than at any time in the last 70 years. This gains a large amount of media attention, and Austrians greet them at the border with food, water, and medicine. He used her childhood nickname, like he always did. The soldier with the iPhone scrolled up the map to see their destination. One of the soldiers cocked his rifle. Hadnt everyone on board already applied and paid for visas? The angry cop yanked his arm free from Luis and pointed his nightstick at Papi. Refugee book Mahmoud Bishara character drowning baby saving a life concepts 02 Share "Whether you were visible or invisible, it was all about how other people reacted to you. It was a boat. Renata and When she took Luiss hand, Isabel guessed she was his girlfriend. What do we do? What we should have done a long time ago. Today she was wearing her usual around-the-house attire: jeans and a pink nurses shirt she used to wear to work. Mahmouds father kept their papers tucked into his pants under his shirt, along with all of their moneythe only other things they owned now besides two phones and two chargers. The buildings been hit! Mahmoud said. See here, he told Mahmouds father, youll have to go over to Qatmah, and then north through Qestel Cindo. Must be doing sixteen knots, easy, said one of the stewards. She says that she thought, Frau Rosenburg explains that she was a refugee, too, and shows, Would not have made it through AP Literature without the printable PDFs. From the creators of SparkNotes, something better. Two of the policemen had broken from the group and were running toward the water. Mahmoud and his family travel through Serbia and into Hungary, where they are detained at a refugee camp that is built like a prison. A whistle blew. His mother, father, little brother Waleed, and baby sister Hana barely manage to escape the . Josef took a hard candy from a jar and fished in his pocket for another pfennig. In 2015, Mahmoud Bishara and his family run from their bombed-out home in Aleppo, Syria toward the Turkish border, hoping to cross more than half a dozen countries to a new life in Germany. She was very pretty, even in her blue police uniform. LitCharts Teacher Editions. Google Maps told them it would be an eight-hour walk, and they split the journey up by sleeping in a field. A warm breeze lifted Isabels short curly hair and raised goose bumps on her arms. Im Renata Aber, said the older of the two girls, and this is Evelyne. They were sisters, and, amazingly, they were traveling alone. Please, take us with you!, At least take my sister! Mahmoud begged. Find related themes, quotes, symbols, characters, and more. Not because she wasnt good. Yes. Detailed quotes explanations with page numbers for every important quote on the site. Even Castro stopped talking, and the TV went back to showing the baseball game. Get washed up. Mahmouds mother, Fatima Bishara, held her pink iPhone in one hand, and in her free arm she carried Mahmouds baby sister, Hana. Blend in. Papi! Youre old enough to be her grandfather. Lito just took that as a challenge. Ill stay here with your father. Josef and Ruth were only too glad to get away from Papa. Shes a baby. More ships full of refugees? She wore a dark blue wool dress with a white sailors collar and carried her white corduroy stuffed Rabit-Bitsy, everywhere she went. They yelled and chanted. Across the room, Josefs little sister, Ruth, was still asleep. Mahmoud remembered neon malls, glittering skyscrapers, soccer stadiums, movie theaters, museums. After Herr Meier had called him in front of the class to show how Jews were inferior to real Germans, Josef had returned to his seat next to Klaus, his best friend in the class. The family of Mahmoud intends to go to Aleppo. For me, Josef said instead. Fatima continues to go from tent to tent, asking about Hana. The soldiers in the Bisharas car begin shooting back and Mahmouds family runs away to avoid being caught in the cross fire and killed. Couples kissed under palm trees. However, they end up driving straight into some enemy soldiers who attack the car. Everything the soldier was describing stood between them and Turkey. Can you tell us what made you decide to leave? Quickly! Seor Castillo called from the other side of the boat. Youre bleeding was all he said. Weve spent too much time talking about it and not doing anything. Mahmouds ears rang with a high-pitched whine, like the TV when the satellite was searching for a signal. Answers: 1. He put a hand to it and came away with blood. Thankyouthankyouthankyou. The Hitler Youth breathed hard, his face red like he was the one in trouble. Izzat so? the fisherman said. But the Nazis had told them to get out of Germany twice now, and the Landau family wasnt going to wait around to see what the Nazis would do next. And how exactly are they going to get better, Mariano? Struggling with distance learning? Alan Gratz the front cover. I saw what you did, he said. A fist closed around Josefs heart, and he dove for the armband. Cuba couldnt turn them away. They had been drafted into the police, and they werent allowed to leave. And he had been beaten up as badly as Khalid. The path was crammed full of Syrians, all strolling along like they had nothing else to do and nowhere else to go. Josef had been a fool, and now he and his family were going to pay the price. Paranoid. Together they hurried to the ramp as best they could, carrying all the suitcases. bomb, though, you needed walls. Josef could barely walk. Hundreds of them. Mahmouds dad kept driving. Well go without you. They left him pacing the room, muttering to himself. He was dusty and smelled like he hadnt had a bath in months, and the heat of the road radiated off him and his rifle like a stove. Please, take us with you! Everything else had to be left behind. Banned from movie theaters in Germany because she was a Jew, Ruthie had seen her first cartoon on board during movie night and loved iteven if it was followed by a newsreel with Hitler yelling about Jews. Isabel had to stop and think about that. No ambulances came to help the wounded. It was like they were invisible. We dont have any gasoline anyway, Ivn said. Fidel Castro was an old man with liver spots on his forehead, gray hair, a big bushy gray beard, and bags under his eyes. Mahmouds father got back in the car. Here, Mahmoud emphasizes that being invisible serves as a form of protection for him: the less he is noticed, the less likely it is for him to be attacked. Who is the main character in the book Refugee? No one is coming to help us. One terribly heartbreaking story is the unjustified killing of an 18-year-old Palestinian, Mahmoud al-Saad Jenin. Waleeds eyes were alive, but empty. The kitten wasnt too different from her, Isabel realized: thin, hungry, and in need of a bath. He left the compartment quietly and walked along the corridor past the other Jewish families in their compartments. Mahmoud stared straight ahead at his fathers back instead. Josef tried to hide in the corner of his bed, but shadowy hands snatched at him.